Improvement in steam-radiators



-, UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH NASON, OF NEV YORK, AND ROBERT BRIGGS, OF BROOKLYN, ASSIGNORS TOJOS. NASON, OF NEV YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM-RADIATORS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 34,643, dated March 11,1862.

T0 all wwnt it ntay concern:

Be it known that we, JOSEPH NAsoN, of the city, 'county, and State ofNew York, and ROBERT BRIGGS, of Brooklyn, Kings county, State of NewYork, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Tubular Radi-v`ators and Oondensers, which we declare to be fully described and setforth in the following specification and accompanying drawings, inwhich- Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of a radiating-tubewith its interior diaphragm Fig. 2,21. transverse section of theradiating-tube and diaphragm; Fig. 3, a verticaL longitudinal section ofa radiating-tube with its interior tube; Fig. 4, atransverse section ofthe radiating-tube and interior tube; Figs. 5 and 6, a front elevationand end View in which the radiating-tubes are inserted in asteam-pedestal and combined toform a steam-radiator.

If the upper end of a vertical or inclined tube whose lengthconsiderably exceeds its diameter be closed and its lower end insertedin a steam-vessel, it is found, upon admitting steam to the vessel, thatthe air contained in the tube (although specically heavier than steam ofthe same density) does not suffer any material displacement, but remainspermanently in equilibrio and prevents the ingress of steam. It follows,therefore, that such a tube is practicallyv useless for the purposes ofsteam radiation and heating. We have found, however, that by theintroduction of an interior diaphragm or an interior tube in the mannerhereinafter set-forth this condition of equilibrium is prevented andthat an inward current of steam and an outward current of air are atonce established and maintained upon opposite sides of the diaphragm orthe interior tube until the influent steam has completely displaced theair and filled the radiating-tube; and our invention relates exclusivelyto the construction of compartments or separate passages inradiating-tubes by means of diaphragms, plates, or interior tubes, asherein set forth.

The iirst modiiication of our invention is shown in Figs. l and 2, inwhich a is the radiating-tube; b, the diaphragm; c, the steampedestal;d, the inlet-pipe; e, the outlet-pipe. The diaphragm b, extending fromthe bottom of the radiating-tube ct nearly to the `top, may be made ofsheet-iron or other metal or suitable material. Its width should besuchthat when slightly curved and pushed into the tube it will be keptsecurely in place by the frictional contact of ,its edges against thesurface of the tube.V When steam is admittedto the pedestal-c throughthe inlet-piped, it' no air be'present it will enter and fill theradiatingtube a; but if thel tube be wholly or partially filled withair, as `usually happens at startf ing, the air will be gradually andcompletely `displaced and ejected in the manner before' explained, theinferior gravity of the steam causing itto flow upward into the tube onone side of the diaphragm and the superior.

gravity of the air causing it to flow downward on t-he opposite side ofthe diaphragm into the pedestal c, and thence outward through theoutlet-pipe e, as indicated by the arrows.

The second modification of our invention is shown in Figs. 3 and 4, inwhich a is the radiating-tube; b', the interior tube; c', thesteam-pedestal; CZ', the inlet-pipe e', the outletpipe. The interiortube b extending from the lower part of the pedestal c nearly to the topof the radiating-tube a', may be made of sheet-iron or other suitablemetal, and its function of separation will be adequately performed ifthe metal is simply bentinto cylindrical form and the edges broughttolerably well in contact without joining or fastening. It maybe placedloosely in the radiating-tube a. with its lower end resting upon thebottom of the pedestal c. When steam is admitted to the pedestal c', itsinferior gravity will cause it to flow upward into the radiatingtube a',while the superior gravity of the air will canse it to iiow downwardthrough the interior tube b into the lower part of the pedestal o', andthence outward through the outlet-pipe e', as indicated by the arrows.

The drawings are confined to the illustration of our invention asapplied to steam-radiators forheating purposes. It is not deemednecessary to exhibit its application to condensers, as the onlymodification of the exhibited arrangement would be to immerse the tubeor series of tubes in a cooling medium in the manner well known andpracticed in whatis called surface condensation.

We are aware thatinterior tubes have been Y employd'hefetofore for thepurpose of Vmaintaining the requisite circulation in tubes with closedends. In such cases, however, the junction of the interior tubes andtheir lmode of construction and operation are especially diiferent fromthat found in our invention, inasmuch as the interior tubes,` beingmerely feeders, are always in communication with an influent pipe orchamber which is separate and distinct from the effluent pipe or chambercommunicating with the exterior tubes. In such a system the circulationwithin the tubes obviously depends upon a difference of pressure withinthe influent and effiuent chambers. An example of this mode ofconstruction may be foundin Peclats Traite de Chaleur. In our inventionthe interior and exterior tubes are in communication with a singlechamber, the function of the interior tube being simply to vdivide thespace of the exterior tube into two passages, the one for the admissionof steam from the chamber below, and the other for the exit of air intothe same chamber. The dierence between these two modes of constructionis still further apparent from the fact that in our invention a singlepipe will answer the doublepurpose of supplying steam and taking of theWater of condensation. In the other mode two pipes are necessary, theone for supplying the steam and the other for carrying off the water ofcondensation.

Having thus described the nature of our invention and shown how it canbe carried into effect practically, we desire to say that we do notclaim the combination of an interior with an exterior tube communicatingwith separate influent and eii'luent chambers and pipes, as these havebeen before known and used; but

What We claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

The method, as herein substantially described, of constructing the tubosof steam radiators and condensers, with an interiordiaphragm ordividing-plate, or its equivalent, and an interior tube, in combinationwith a single steam-chamber.

l JOSEPH NASON.

ROBT. BRIGGS.

Witnesses:

WM. K. THOMAS, H. C. FISHER.

